These six writ petitions can be conveniently disposed of by a common order as all the writ petitions are filed by Village Gram Panchayats represented by Sarpanches aggrieved by the action of the respondents in not entrusting the construction of Watershed to the Village Habitation Works Committee (VHWC) constituted by the respective Gram Panchayats in accordance with G.O.Ms.No.37, Panchayat Raj & Rural Development (PROGS.IA) Department, dated 18.02.2005, and G.O.Ms.No.10, dated 10.01.2006.
It is the contention of the petitioners that all the works under Food for Work Programme (FWP) with or without rice component whose value is less than Rs.5,00,000/- are ought to be entrusted to VHWC and the watershed construction/maintenance works are also ought to be entrusted to the Gram Panchayats. They relied on the two Government Orders referred to hereinabove and also a judgment of this Court in Pallamalli Gram Panchayat, Pallampalli Village v Government of Andhra Pradesh (2008 (5) ALD 246) in support of the contention. Respondents who filed counter affidavit of respondent No.3 opposed the writ petition. Their grievance is that the construction/maintenance of Watershed is a programme fully/partly funded by the Central Government, that the project of Watershed in identified places has to be carried out in accordance with the Common Guidelines for Watershed Development Projects, 2008 (hereinafter referred to as, Guidelines), issued by the Government of India and that as per these Guidelines the Gram Panchayats have a limited role of supervising the works and they cannot be entrusted with the construction of the watershed projects. After giving due consideration to rival submissions and examining them in the light of the Guidelines, this Court is of considered opinion that these writ petitions should be dismissed for the reasons that follow.
The purpose and purport of G.O.Ms.No.37 has been elucidated in Pallamalli Gram Panchayat (supra). Instead of again redoing exercise, for the sake of convenience, paragraphs 7 and 8 from the said judgment may be adopted herein also.
The Engineer-in-chief (E-in-C), Panchayat Raj, Hyderabad, addressed a letter No.T1/18233/75, dated 12.01.2005, to the Government informing that the contractors/middlemen avoided the execution of works, which are tied up with rice component. He, therefore, requested that such works need to be grounded and completed immediately by entrusting to the local bodies/user groups instead of following normal procedures like tender procedures, which are likely to take time and allows the contractors/middlemen. He also requested for permission to entrust the works like cement roads and other works taken up with rice component costing up to Rs.10,00,000/- by entrusting the same to user groups. By the time E-in-C addressed the letter to Government, the Government had initiated several rules tendering for public works with a view to bring in simplification of procedures, great transparency and better quality of works. The Government were also aware of various guidelines laid down by them with regard to Food for Work (FFW) programme as well as the works taken up under different programmes like Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana (SGRY). With this experience in the background, the Government contemplated to generate employment of the villages giving opportunity to the local people through the committees to plan, execute and monitor the works as per the budget allocations to the villages in order to ensure better quality in execution and subsequent maintenance. This was done as disclosed in G.O.Ms.No.37 dated 18.02.2005 itself, as a precurse to decision of Government in devolution of powers to the Panchayat Raj institution.
Contd.Page.2
Page.No.2
Paragraph 6 of G.O.Ms.No.37 dated 18.02.2005 holds the key for understanding the purport of the guidelines, insofar relevant it reads as under.
6. Government hereby decide to entrust the works, with an upper limit of Rs.5.00 Lakhs (Rupees Five lakhs only) to WC/Self Help Groups at the Village Level and the nominee of the Committee or Group Leader be enter into agreement with the executing Agency with the following Guide Lines:
The works shall be entrusted to Habitation Level Committee (HLC)/Habitation WC/Village Level Committee etc., as was done in earlier Janmabhoomi Programme and Food For Work Programme.
The concerned Gram Panchayat will resolve and from the above Committee (HWC) for execution of works dovetailed with rice in that Gram Panchayat.
WC will be formed by Gram Panchayat with Sarpanch as Chairman and MPTC members, Gram Panchayat members, Self Help Group leader will be the members of the Committee. Due representation to SC/ST members may be considered. Village Secretary to be the Convener of WC.
The HCL/HWC/VLC shall comprise of people pertaining to the Gram Panchayat only like VSS Chairman, MPTC, VEC, elderly persons with works knowledge DWCRA Group of Women etc., and authorize one person of the said committee, designated as Chairman/President of the Habitation WC to execute the works dovetailed with rice.
The President of the HWC and the nominee of Committee or Group Leader will perform all the Departmental legal formalities on behalf of the committee like entering into agreement drawing the bills, etc.,
In case any Gram Panchayat fails to constitute the above said Committee due to various reasons, with in a time frame fixed by the concerned MPDO/DLPO then the MPDO concerned to the Gram Panchayat will constitute the HWC in the interest of development in that village.
Durable assets which are useful for community shall be taken up.
Under no circumstances, the works shall be grounded prior to issue of Administrative clearance.
Only workers from the same village shall be engaged.
(6. (j) to (p) omitted)
The Government order on which much emphasis is laid consists of eight paragraphs. Paragraphs 7 and 8 are the direction portions with which we are not concerned. Paragraph 1 is like a preamble to the order and paragraph 3 and paragraph 4 speak of background, whereas paragraph 6 contains guidelines. Paragraph 2 contains historical aspects, besides explaining the scope of entrustment of works to Panchayats. Paragraph 2 reads as under.
Government have issued detailed guidelines for implementation of Food for Work Programme. The Food for Work Programme should be implemented by all departments of the Government /agencies /Corporations /Self Help Groups, Habitation Committees, Panchayat Raj Institutions, Market Committees. Works may also be entrustment to NGOs, Voluntary agencies on the Certification that the works taken up by such agency for creation of community assets. Works shall not be let out on nomination. However, execution of works may be entrusted to self Help Group, School Education Committee, Gram Panchayats, Rytu Mitra-farmers club. Whenever watershed/VSS/Water User Committees are not constituted formally, the works can be executed by the User Groups consisting of stake holders for a given work/structure.
A bare perusal of paragraph 2 extracted hereinabove would show that as a part of inclusive development at the gross roots level in the Villages, the Government issued guidelines from time to time for implementation of FWP which are to be implemented by Governmental agencies as well as non Governmental agencies in addition to Panchayat Raj Institutions. Such works can be entrusted to Self Help Groups, School Education Committees, Gram Panchayats, Rytu Mitra-Farmers Club. However, an exception is carved out in respect of Watershed/Vana Samrakshana Samithi/Water User Committees. Whenever Watershed construction works are taken up, they are to be entrusted exclusively to Watershed Committees, if they are formed, and in the absence of such committees, the work has to be entrusted to User Groups. The Panchayat Raj Institutions like Gram Panchayats have no right to claim the allotment of watershed project works. Therefore, ex facie the reliance placed by these Gram Panchayats on G.O.Ms.No.37 is misconceived, and the two Government Orders and judgment of this Court in Pallamalli Gram Panchayat (supra) do not support, nor sustain the petitioners’ contention.
The Guidelines issued by the Central Government in 2008 for Watershed Development Projects are elaborate and comprehensive. Guidelines 5.4, 6.3, 8.2 and 11.4 would show that the Gram Panchayat has a limited role after completion of construction of watershed, that too, if the Gram Panchayat is willing to take up the maintenance of Watershed the same may be entrusted to Gram Panchayats. The Gram Panchayats have no say or role in execution of watershed project works although they may play some role in identifying the projects for development of Watershed. For the sake of ready reference, the relevant guidelines referred to in this paragraph are extracted below.
5.4 Role and Responsibilities of WDT
The WDT (Watershed Development Team ) will guide the Watershed Committee (WC) in the formation of the watershed action plan. An indicative list of the roles and responsibilities of the WDT would include among others, the following.
Assist Gram Panchayat/Gram Sabha in constitution of the Watershed Committee and their functioning.
Organizing and nurturing User Groups and Self-Help Groups.
Mobilising women to ensure that the perspectives and interests of women are adequately reflected in the watershed action plan.
Conducting the participatory base-line surveys, training and capacity building.
Preparing detailed resource development plans including water and soil conservation or reclamation etc. to promote sustainable livelihoods at household level.
Common property resource management and equitable sharing.
Preparing Detailed Project Report (DPR) for the construction of Gram Sabha.
Undertake engineering surveys, prepare engineering drawing and cost estimates for any structures to be built.
Monitoring, checking, assessing, undertaking physical verification and measurements of the work done.
Facilitating the development of livelihood opportunities for the landless.
Maintaining project accounts.
Arranging physical, financial and social audit of the work undertaken.
Setting up suitable arrangements for post-project operation, maintenance and future development of the assets created during the project period.
6.3 Watershed Committee (WC)
The Gram Sabha will constitute the Watershed Committee (WC) to implement the Watershed project with the technical support of the WDT in the village. The Watershed Committee (WC) has to be registered under the Society Registration Act, 1860. The Gram Sabha may elect/appoint any suitable person from the village as the Chairman of Watershed Committee. The secretary of the Watershed Committee (WC) will be a paid functionary of the Watershed Committee (WC). The Watershed Committee (WC) will comprise of at least 10 members, half of the members shall be representatives of SHGs and User Groups, SC/ST community, women and landless persons in the village. One member of the WDT shall also be represented in the Watershed Committee (WC). Where the Panchayat covers more than one village, they would constitute a separate subcommittee for each village to manage the watershed development project in the concerned village. Where a watershed project covers more than one Gram Panchayat, separate committees will be constituted for each Gram Panchayat. The Watershed Committee (WC) would be provided with an independent rented office accommodation.
The Watershed Committee will open a separate bank account to receive funds for watershed projects and will utilize the same for undertaking its activities. The expenses towards the salaries of the WDT members and Secretary of Watershed Committee (WC) shall be charged from the administrative expenses under the professional support to the PIA (Project Implementing Agency).
Contd.Page.3
Page.3
8.2 Watershed Works Phase
This phase is the heart of the programme in which the DPR (Detailed Project Report) will be implemented. Some of the important activities to be included in this phase are:
Ridge Area Treatment: All activities required to restore the health of the catchment area by reducing the volume and velocity of surface run-off, including regeneration of vegetative cover in forest and common land, afforestation, staggered trenching, contour and graded bunding, bench terracing etc.
Drainage line treatment with a combination of vegetative and engineering structures, such as earthen checks, brushwood checks, gully plugs, loose boulder checks, gabion structures, underground dykes etc.
Development of water harvesting structures such as low-cost farm ponds, nalla bunds, check-dams, percolation tanks and ground water recharge through wells, bore wells and other measures.
Nursery raising for fodder, fuel, timber and horticultural species. As far as possible local species may be given priority.
Land Development including in-situ soil and moisture conservation and drainage management measures like field bunds, contour and graded bunds fortified with plantation, bench terracing in hilly terrain etc.
Crop demonstrations for popularizing new crops/varieties, water saving technologies such as drip irrigation or innovative management practices. As far as possible varieties based on the local germplasm may be promoted.
Pasture development, sericulture, bee keeping, back yard poultry, small ruminant, other livestocks and other micro-enterprises.
Veterinary services for livestock and other livestock improvement measures.
Fisheries development in village ponds/tanks, farm ponds etc.
Promotion and propagation of non-conventional energy saving devices, energy conservation measures, bio fuel plantations etc.
11.4 Outcomes/End Results
Each Watershed Development Project is expected to achieve following results by the end of the project period:
All the works/activities that are planned for the treatment and development of the drainage lines, arable and non-arable lands in the watershed area are completed with the active participation and contribution of the user groups and the community at large.
The user groups/panchayats have willingly taken over the operation and maintenance of the assets created and make suitable administrative and financial arrangements for their maintenance and further development.
All the members of the Watershed Committee and staff such as Watershed Secretary and Volunteers have been given orientation and training to improve their knowledge and upgrade technical/management and community organizational skills to a level that is appropriate for the successful discharge of their responsibilities on withdrawal of the Watershed Development Team from the Project.
The village community would have been organized into several, homogeneous self-help groups for savings and other income generation activities which would have achieved sufficient commitment from their members and built up financial resources to be self sustaining.
The increase in cropping intensity and agricultural productivity reflecting in overall increase in agriculture production.
Increase in income of farmers/landless labourers in the project area.
Increase in groundwater table due to enhanced recharge by watershed interventions.
(emphasis supplied)
Counsel for the petitioners relies on Article 40 and Article 243B of the Constitution of India in support of the contention that all developmental works in the Gram Panchayat are to be executed by VHWC. The submission cannot be accepted. There is no dispute or denial that Article 40 being a Directive Principle is unenforceable in Court of law. There is also no dispute or denial that under Article 243G(b) so far no law has been made by the State Legislature endowing Gram Panchayat with powers in relation to Watershed. That leaves the only Guidelines issued by Central Government which have given a limited role to the Gram Panchayat in identifying areas for Watershed Committees, constitution of Watershed Committees to Gram Sabha, and, if willing, to take up the maintenance of watershed after completion of its construction. Therefore, viewed in any view of the matter the writ petitions are filed without having any right to seek such a remedy. Furthermore, no resolution of the Gram Panchayat is filed before this Court authorizing the Sarpanch to approach the Court. This Court is, therefore, of considered opinion that the Sarpanches who appear to have some vested interest in procuring Watershed projects have filed these writ petitions without proper authority of the Gram Panchayat or Gram Sabha.
The Writ Petitions are without any merits, and therefore, they are accordingly dismissed.
Rahmanpuram Gram Panchayat & Others v. The Government of Andhra Pradesh, Rep. by its Secretary, Panchayat Raj Department, Hyderabad & Others.
మునగ పేరు వినగానే గుర్తొచ్చేది సాంబారులో జుర్రుకునే మునక్కాడల రుచే. కానీ ఆఫ్రికన్ దేశాలకి మాత్రం మునగ అంటే పోషకాల్ని కురిపించే కల్పవృక్షం.
భూగోళం మీదున్న సమస్త పోషకాహార లోపాల్నీ సకల రోగాల్నీ నివారించడానికి మునగను మించినది లేదని రకరకాల అధ్యయనాల ద్వారా తెలుసుకున్న ఆఫ్రికా దేశాలు పోషకాహార లోపంతో బాధపడే తల్లులూ పిల్లలకు మందులతోబాటు మునగాకు పొడినీ బోనస్గా ఇస్తున్నాయి. అందుకే మునగాకు టీ తాగడం వల్ల మధుమేహం తగ్గిందనీ పొడి తినడం వల్ల పాలు బాగా పడ్డాయనీ చెప్పే ఆఫ్రికన్ల సంఖ్య కోకొల్లలు.
ఆనోటా ఈనోటా ఇది మనవరకూ వచ్చింది. ‘పెరటి చెట్టు వైద్యానికి పనికిరాద’న్నట్లు నిన్నమొన్నటివరకూ మనం మునగ చెట్టుని పెద్దగా పట్టించుకోలేదు. తలపైకెత్తి దానివైపే చూడలేదు- సాంబారులోకి నాలుగు కాయలు అవసరమైనప్పుడు తప్ప. కానీ అమెరికాకి చెందిన ‘ద ట్రీస్ ఫర్ లైఫ్’ స్వచ్ఛంద సంస్థ మునగ చెట్టులోని అణువణువూ ఉపయోగపడుతుందన్న విషయాన్ని ప్రపంచానికి తెలిసేలా చేసింది. దానికి పలు అంతర్జాతీయ సంస్థలూ శృతి కలిపాయి. ప్రపంచ దేశాలకు ఆ సంజీవని గురించి కథలుగా చెప్పడం ప్రారంభించాయి.
ఐక్యరాజ్యసమితి కూడా మునగ ప్రాధాన్యతను గుర్తించి ఆ చెట్ల పెంపకాన్ని ప్రోత్సహిస్తోంది. దాంతో మన దృష్టీ అటు మళ్లింది. న్యూట్రిషన్ ఫౌండేషన్ ఆఫ్ ఇండియా అధ్యక్షుడు డాక్టర్ సి.గోపాలన్, డాక్టర్ కమలా కృష్ణస్వామిలు మునగాకు లోగుట్టుని విప్పారు. వారికి ఆయుర్వేద వైద్యులూ తోడయ్యారు. అంతా కలిసి మరీ ‘మునగ’ మహత్యాన్ని కొనియాడుతున్నారు.
ఏముంది మునగాకులో..?
‘బతికుంటే బలుసాకు తినొచ్చు’... ఓ పాత నానుడి. ఆ బలుసాకు ఏమోగానీ, ‘రోజూ కాస్త మునగాకు తింటే చాలు, వందేళ్లు బతకొచ్చు అన్నది కొత్త సామెత. ఎందుకంటే...
వంద గ్రా. తాజా మునగాకుల్లో... నారింజల్లోకన్నా ఏడు రెట్లు సి-విటమిన్, క్యారెట్లలోకన్నా నాలుగింతల కాల్షియం, అరటిపండ్లలోకన్నా మూడు రెట్లు పొటాషియం, పాలకూరలోకన్నా మూడింతల ఐరన్, బాదంలోకన్నా మూడు రెట్లు విటమిన్- ఇ, పెరుగులోకన్నా రెండింతల ప్రొటీన్లూ ఉంటాయి.
అంటే ఇరవై గ్రా.మునగాకు నుంచి మనిషికి నిత్యం అవసరమయ్యే ఎ,సి-విటమిన్లూ, వంద గ్రా.ఆకు నుంచి కాల్షియం, మూడొంతుల ఐరన్, సగం ప్రొటీన్లూ దొరుకుతాయి.
అందుకే పోషకాహార లోపాన్ని నివారించడానికి దీన్ని మించినది లేదు. అంతెందుకు... ప్రపంచవ్యాప్తంగా ఏటా ఐదు లక్షల మంది విటమిన్-ఎ లోపం కారణంగానే అంధులవుతున్నారు. దీనికి మునగాకే మహత్తరమైన పరిష్కారం అంటున్నారు పోషక నిపుణులు. ఆ కారణంతోనే క్యూబా అధ్యక్షుడు ఫిడేల్ క్యాస్ట్రో మునగ చెట్లను పెంచి, ఆ కాయల్ని రోజూ తినేవాడట. ‘ఒమేగా-3, 6, 9 ఫ్యాటీఆమ్లాలూ, సకల విటమిన్లూ, అన్ని రకాల అమైనో ఆమ్లాలు... మొత్తంగా 96 పోషకాలున్న ఒకే ఒక చెట్టు మునగ...పేదవాడి ఆహారం’ అంటూ దాని గొప్పతనం గురించి పత్రికల్లో వ్యాసాలూ రాశాడు క్యాస్ట్రో. ఇప్పుడు క్యూబా వాసులు మునగాకుని పండించి, పొడి చేసి విక్రయిస్తున్నారు. భారత్ కూడా మునగ ఆకుల పొడిని ఎగుమతి చేయడం ప్రారంభించింది. కానీ ఆకుని తినడం పట్ల ఇప్పటికీ మనదగ్గర అలసత్వమే.
నిజానికి ప్రాచీన కాలం నుంచీ ఆఫ్రికా దేశాల్లోనూ భారత్లోనూ తాజా మునగాకుల్ని తినే అలవాటు ఉంది. మధ్యలో మాయమై, మళ్లీ తెరమీదకొచ్చింది. టైమ్ మ్యాగజైన్ ‘ద నెక్స్ట్ క్వినోవా’గా అభివర్ణించింది. దాంతో పాశ్చాత్య దేశాల్లో ఎండిన ఆకుల పొడిని స్మూతీలూ సలాడ్ల మీద చల్లుకోవడం, టీ, సప్లిమెంట్ల రూపంలో తీసుకోవడం అలవాటు చేసుకున్నారు.
Contd.Page.2
Page.No.2
ఎందుకంటే...
100 గ్రా. ఎండిన ఆకుల్లో... పాలల్లో కన్నా 17 రెట్లు కాల్షియం, అరటిపండ్లలోకన్నా 15 రెట్లు పొటాషియం, క్యారెట్లలోకన్నా 10 రెట్లు విటమిన్-ఎ, పాలకూరలోకన్నా 25 రెట్లు ఐరన్... ఇలా చాలా లభిస్తాయి.
మునగాకుని ఎండబెట్టి పొడి చేసుకునే తినాల్సిన అవసరం మనకి లేదు. తాజా మునగాకు పుష్కలం. ఒకప్పుడు శుభసూచకం కాదన్న కారణంతో పెరట్లో మునగ పెంచేవారు కాదు. కాలం మారింది. పట్టింపూ పోయింది. దాంతో కాయలకోసం చాలామందే పెంచుతున్నారు. కాబట్టి ఇతర ఆకుకూరల్లానే మునగాకుతో పప్పూ కూరలూ పచ్చళ్లూ పొడులూ రైస్ వెరైటీలూ కోఫ్తాలూ... అన్ని రకాలూ వండుకోవచ్చు. దోసెల్లో రొట్టెల్లో దట్టించినా రుచే. పొడిని టీ రూపంలో తాగొచ్చు, సూపుల్లో అన్నంలో కూరల్లో... ఎలా కావాలంటే అలా తినొచ్చు. అయితే ముదిరిన ఆకుల్లో పీచెక్కువ. కాబట్టి కుక్కర్లో ఉడికించాలన్నది నిపుణుల సలహా.
ఔషధగుణాలెన్నో...
మరే చెట్టు ఆకులకీ లేనంత మహత్తు మునగాకుకి ఉంది. ఇది 300 వ్యాధుల్ని నివారించగలదు. మునగాకులో రోగనిరోధకశక్తిని పెంచే 46 యాంటీఆక్సిడెంట్లూ అనేకానేక బయోయాక్టివ్ పదార్థాలూ ఉండటంతో శాస్త్రవేత్తలు దీనిమీద పరిశోధనలు ముమ్మరం చేశారు. ఇందులోని ఓషధుల ప్రభావానికి శరీరంలోని బ్యాక్టీరియా, ఫంగస్లన్నీ పలాయన మంత్రం పఠిస్తాయి. క్యాన్సర్లూ అల్సర్లూ కనుచూపుమేర కనిపించవు. ఆల్జీమర్స్ ఎగిరిపోతుంది. బీపీ, మధుమేహం, కొలెస్ట్రాల్ దరి చేరడానికి భయపడతాయి. గాయాలన్నీ మునగాకు పేస్టుతో గాయబ్.
అంతేనా... రక్తహీనతతో బాధపడుతుంటే కాస్త వండిన మునగాకునో లేదా టీస్పూను పొడినో రోజూ వేడి వేడి అన్నంలో వేసుకుని తింటే ఐరన్ వృద్ధి, రక్తం సమృద్ధి. ఈరోజుల్లో పసివయసు దాటకుండానే కంటిజబ్బులనేకం. రేచీకటి బాధితులూ ఎక్కువే. వాటన్నింటినీ మునగాకులోని బీటాకెరోటిన్ నివారిస్తుందని ఇంటర్నేషనల్ ఐ ఫౌండేషన్ అంటోంది.
ఇంటాబయటా అంతటా ధూళిమేఘాలే... కాలుష్యకాసారాలే. మరి ఆస్తమా, బ్రాంకైటిస్, ట్యుబర్క్యులోసిస్ పిలవకుండానే పలుకుతున్నాయి. ఊపిరితిత్తుల్లో తిష్ట వేస్తున్నాయి. అందుకే ఆకుల్ని సూపులా చేసుకుని రోజుకి రెండుసార్లు తీసుకుంటే లంగ్సులోని టాక్సిన్లు తొలగి, ఆ వ్యాధులన్నీ పారిపోతాయి.
రజస్వలానంతరం అమ్మాయిలకి ఎన్ని కష్టాలో... కొందరిలో నెలసరి సమయంలో గడ్డలు పడుతుంటాయి. అప్పుడు ఆకులతో చేసిన సూపుని 21 రోజులపాటు క్రమం తప్పకుండా తీసుకుంటే సరి. మునగాకు రసం తాగితే గర్భసంచి సాగకుండా ప్రసవం సులభంగా అవుతుంది. పాలుపడని బాలింతలకి కాసిని నీళ్లలో ఉప్పు, మునగాకులు వేసి కాసేపాగి ఆ నీటిని వంపేసి ఆకుల్ని నేతితో తినిపిస్తే ఫలితం ఉంటుంది. పొడి రూపంలో ఇచ్చినా పాలు పుష్కలమే.
డయేరియా, కామెర్లూ, కలరా బాధితుల బాధ కాదు. ఒకటే దాహం. నీరసం. అప్పుడు రోజుకి రెండుమూడుసార్లు గ్లాసు కొబ్బరినీళ్లలో టీస్పూను మునగాకు రసం, కొద్దిగా తేనె కలిపి తాగితే సరి. మూత్ర సమస్యలకీ మునగ బెస్ట్ మెడిసినే. ఆకుల్ని ముద్దలా చేసి క్యారెట్ రసంలో కలిపి పదిగంటలకోసారి తీసుకుంటే హానికర బాక్టీరియా, వైరస్లన్నీ తొలగిపోతాయి.
ఆకుల్ని కణతలకి రుద్దితే తలనొప్పి తీవ్రత తగ్గుతుంది. ఈ ఆకుల రసాన్ని నిమ్మరసంతో కలిపి మొటిమలమచ్చలు, బ్లాక్హెడ్స్ మీద రాస్తే అవి మాయమై చర్మం మెరుస్తుంది. స్కర్వీ, చర్మవ్యాధులు, ఆందోళనలకి మునగాకు టీ రుచికరమైన పరిష్కారం.
Contd.Page.3
Page.No.3
వహ్వా... మునక్కాడ!
సీజన్లో చిటారుకొమ్మ వరకూ చిగురు కనబడకుండా కాసిన కాయలు చూసేవాళ్లకి కన్నులపండగ అయితే, ఆ కాయల రుచి తెలిసినవాళ్లకి విందుభోజనమే. దక్షిణాదిన సాంబారు, పులుసు, అవియల్ వంటల్లో మునక్కాడ కనిపించాల్సిందే. ఇక, బియ్యప్పిండి, బెల్లం లేదా అల్లంవెల్లుల్లి వేసి వండే మునగగుజ్జు కూర ఎవరికైనా నోరూరాల్సిందే. మునక్కాడలతో పట్టే నిల్వ పచ్చడి మహారుచి. మటన్లో మునక్కాడ పడితే నాన్వెజ్ ప్రియులకి పండగే. ఆకులతో పోలిస్తే కాయల్లో పోషకాల శాతం తక్కువే. కానీ మిగిలిన కూరగాయలతో పోలిస్తే ఎక్కువే.‘ఈ ఒక్క మునక్కాడ తినవూ బోలెడు బలం’ అంటూ బామ్మలు బతిమిలాడి తినిపించడం చాలామందికి అనుభవమే. తెలిసి చెప్పినా తెలియక చెప్పినా అది నిజమే. మునక్కాడల్లోని యాంటీబయోటిక్ గుణాలు రక్తాన్ని శుద్ధి చేస్తే; కాల్షియం, ఐరన్లు ఎముకబలాన్నీ బరువునీ పెంచుతాయి. రక్తంలో చక్కెర శాతాన్నీ తగ్గిస్తాయి. పిత్తాశయం యమా జోష్గా పనిచేస్తుంది.
శస్త్రచికిత్సానంతరం మునగాకునీ, మునక్కాడలనీ తింటే త్వరగా కోలుకుంటారని చెప్పడం తెలిసిందే. దానిక్కారణం మరేంటో కాదు, మునక్కాడల్లోని ఐరన్వల్ల హిమోగ్లోబిన్ శాతం పెరుగుతుందట. మునక్కాడల్ని మరిగించిన నీళ్లతో ఆవిరిపట్టడం వల్ల ఊపిరితిత్తుల సమస్యలూ తగ్గుతాయి. వీటిని ఉడికించిన నీరు తాగితే చర్మం మెరుస్తుందట.
‘తరచూ జలుబు చేస్తోందా... జ్వరమొస్తోందా... అయితే రోజూ మునక్కాడలు తినండొహో’ అంటూ చాటింపు వేస్తున్నారు ఆధునిక వైద్యులు. వాటిల్లోని విటమిన్-సి జలుబూ ఫ్లూ జ్వరాలకి ట్యాబ్లెట్లా పనిచేస్తుందట. వీటిని ఎక్కువగా తినేవాళ్లకి పొట్టలో నులిపురుగుల బాధ ఉండదు. ఈ ముక్కలను ఉడికించిన సూప్ డయేరియాకి చక్కని నివారణోపాయం. కీళ్లనొప్పులయితే పరారే. కాలేయం, ప్లీహ సంబంధిత వ్యాధులన్నీ హాయ్ చెప్పడానికే సందేహిస్తాయి.
‘ఏమోయ్... ఇంకా పిల్లల్లేరా... అమ్మాయిని మునక్కాయ కూర వండమనోయ్...’ అని ఏ పెద్దాయనో అంటే సరదాగా తీసుకోవద్దు. వీటిల్లోని జింక్ స్త్రీ, పురుషుల్లో వంధ్యత్వాన్ని తగ్గిస్తుంది. వీర్యం చిక్కబడుతుంది.
నియాసిన్, రిబోఫ్లేవిన్, ఫోలిక్ యాసిడ్, పైరిడాక్సిన్ వంటి బి-కాంప్లెక్స్ విటమిన్లు మునక్కాడల్లోనూ సమృద్ధిగా దొరుకుతాయి. ఇవి సంక్లిష్ట పిండిపదార్థాలూ ప్రొటీన్లూ జీర్ణమయ్యేలా చేస్తాయి.
ఏదేమైనా మునక్కాడలు ఎక్కువగా తినేవాళ్లలో రోగనిరోధకశక్తి ఎక్కువ. శ్వాససంబంధ సమస్యలు తక్కువ. వీటిల్లోని ప్రొటీన్లూ పీచూ కారణంగా పోషకాహార లోపమూ ఉండదు. నాడీవ్యవస్థా భేషుగ్గా పనిచేస్తుంది.
Contd.Page.4
Page.No.4
పూలు... తేనెలూరు..!
పచ్చదనంతో కళకళలాడే దీని ఆకులూ కాయలే కాదు, సువాసనభరితమైన తెల్లని పూలూ ఔషధ నిల్వలే. ఆయుర్వేద వైద్యంలో వాడదగ్గవే. పూలతో కాచిన కషాయం లేదా టీ పిల్లతల్లుల్లో పాలు బాగా పడేలా చేస్తుంది. ఇది మూత్రవ్యాధుల నివారణకూ దోహదపడుతుంది. ఈ పూలను మరిగించిన తేనీరు జలుబుకి మంచి మందు. కొన్ని ప్రాంతాల్లో ఈ పూలను సెనగపిండిలో ముంచి పకోడీల్లా వేస్తారు, కూరలూ చేస్తారు. మునగ పూలలో తేనె ఎక్కువ. దాంతో ఇవి తేనెటీగల్ని ఆకర్షించి, తేనె ఉత్పత్తికీ తోడ్పడతాయి.
విత్తనంతో నీటిశుద్ధి..!
విరగ్గాసిన కాయలు ఎండిపోయాయా... ఫరవాలేదు, ఆ విత్తనాలు మొలకెత్తుతాయి. విటమిన్-సి పుష్కలంగా ఉండే వీటిని వేయించి పల్లీల్లా తినొచ్చు. నూనె తీయొచ్చు. దీన్ని వంటనూనెగానూ సౌందర్యసాధనంగానూ ల్యూబ్రికెంట్గానూ వాడుతుంటారు.రక్షిత నీటి పథకాలు కరవైన ప్రాంతాలకు మునగ విత్తనాలే నీటిశుద్ధి పరికరాలు. కఠిన జలాల్ని సైతం ఈ గింజలు ఉప్పు లేకుండా తేటగా మారుస్తాయి. సూడాన్, ఇండొనేషియా వాసులు ఆ కారణంతోనే విత్తనాలను ప్రత్యేకంగా సేకరించి, ఆ గింజల్ని పొడిలా చేసి, కప్పు నీళ్లలో కలిపి, వడగడతారు. ఇప్పుడు ఈ నీళ్లను బిందెలోని నీళ్లలో కలిపి, ఓ ఐదు నిమిషాలు గరిటెతో కలుపుతారు. తరవాత ఓ గంటసేపు కదపకుండా ఉంచితే మలినాలన్నీ కింద పేరుకుని పైనున్న నీరంతా తేటగా అవుతుంది. వీటిని విడిగా పాత్రలో పోసుకుని తాగుతారు. శాస్త్రీయంగా చెప్పాలంటే ఈ పొడి కలిపిన ద్రవాన్ని నీటిలో కలపగానే అది పాలీ ఎలక్ట్రోలైట్గా పనిచేసి నీటిలోని మలినాలను అయాన్లుగా మార్చడం ద్వారా వాటిని ఆకర్షించి కింద పేరుకునేలా చేస్తుంది.ఇంకా... ఇంకా...!
మునగాకు మనుషులకే కాదు, పశువులకీ బలవర్థకమైనదే. పశువుల మేతగానూ పంటలకు ఎరువుగానూ వాడతారు. చెట్టు కాండం నుంచి వచ్చే గుజ్జుని కాగితం తయారీకి వాడతారు. ఆగ్రో ఫారెస్ట్రీకి మునగ చక్కగా సరిపోతుంది. పెద్దగా నీడ ఉండని ఈ చెట్ల మధ్యలో ఇతర పంటల్నీ వేసుకోవచ్చు. ఈ మొక్కల్ని కంచెలానూ పెంచవచ్చు. ప్రపంచవ్యాప్తంగా అనేక దేశాల్లో దీన్ని పెంచుతున్నా మునగ పంటలో మనదేశమే ఫస్ట్. ఏటా 13 లక్షల టన్నుల కాయల్ని పండిస్తున్నాం. రాష్ట్రాలకొస్తే ఆంధ్రప్రదేశ్, కర్ణాటక, తమిళనాడు తొలి మూడు స్థానాల్లో ఉన్నాయి. మునగ ఉత్పత్తుల విలువ ప్రపంచవ్యాప్తంగా సుమారు రూ.27వేల కోట్లు. వాటిల్లో 80 శాతం మనవే. కాయలతోబాటు పొడినీ ఎగుమతి చేస్తున్నాం. కాయల్ని శీతలీకరించి చక్కెరపాకంలో వేసి ఎగుమతి చేస్తారు.
మునగలో రకాలనేకం. కుండీల్లో కాసే హైబ్రిడ్ రకాలూ ఉన్నాయి. జాఫ్నా రకం కాయలు 60 నుంచి 120 సెం.మీ. వరకూ కాస్తే, ఆరునెలలకే పూతొచ్చి, కాయలు కాసే కెఎం-1, పీకేఎం-1, పీకెఎం-2, పీఏవీఎం రకాలూ వస్తున్నాయి. నేలతీరు, వాతావరణాన్ని బట్టి ఆయా రకాలని ఎంపికచేసుకుని ఈ చెట్లను పెంచి ఎకరాకి కనీసం లక్ష రూపాయల లాభాన్ని పొందుతున్నారు రైతులు. వ్యవసాయపరంగానే కాదు, ఇంటి అవసరాలకోసం పెరట్లోనో లేదంటే కుండీల్లోనో మునగను పెంచితే, రోజూ ఓ గుప్పెడు తాజా ఆకుల్ని కూరల్లో వేస్తే మీ ఆహారంలో సూపర్ఫుడ్ చేరినట్లే, మీకు డాక్టరుతో పనిలేనట్లే..!
మునగ గురించి ఇంతటి సమగ్రమైన సమాచారం అందించిన వారికి కృతజ్ఞతలు.
LANDS – Government Land – General – Issue of ‘NoCs’ for the lands which are
classified as ‘Gramakantham’ and categorized as ‘Government Poramboke’ in
Revenue Records – Clarification on the criteria to be fixed for issue of ‘NoC’s –
Orders - Issued.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Revenue (Assignments.I) Department
G.O. Ms. No. 100.
Dated 22.02.2014.
Read the following :-
Lr. No. B2/733/2012-1, dated 12.02.2013, received from the Special CS and CCLA, AP Hyderabad.
Lr. No.B2/733/2012-1, dated 26.9.2013 received from the Special CS and CCLA AP Hyderabad.
-:o:-
ORDER:
As regards issue of ‘NoCs’ for the lands which are classified as ‘Gramakantham’ and categorized as ‘Government Poramboke’ in revenue records a meeting was held on 15.12.2012 in the O/o CCLA chaired by the Special Commissioner, O/o CCLA and the Joint Collector, Krishna, Joint Collector, Srikakualm, Assistant Inspector General, O/o C&IG and RS, DRO-Warangal, AD-S.S & L.R, were present.
2. In the said meeting, the Collectors – Krishna, Vizianagaram & R.R Districts have informed that there are so many applications are being filed for issuance of ‘NoC’ for sale of “Gramakantham’ lands. As verified from the village records the ‘Gramakantham’ lands were categorized as ‘Government Poramboke’. Some of the lands were neither assigned nor have ceiling lands and several transactaiosn have been taken place earlier. No records are available showing that they are Government lands. But, they were noted in the Government lands list, as they were categorized as Government Poramboke and, were communicated to the SubRegistrars by the Tahsildars. Hence, the Sub-Registrars are insisting for ‘NoC’ for Registration of lands classified as ‘Gramakantham’ and several such ‘NoCs’ are pending and requested necessary orders on the criteria to be fixed for issue of’NoC’s for registration of lands which are classified as ‘Gramakantham’. Therefore, the Special Commissioner invited the Officers to put-forth their views &suggestions on the issue.
3. The Assistant Director (Headquarters), O/o SS&LR has expressed the Section 24 of A.P. (TA) Land Revenue Act, 1317 Fasli declares that among others, all lands wherever situated, except those belonging to persons or class legally capable of holding property and to the extent so far as their such rights are established and those in respect of which any other order under any law may have been given are the properties of Government. Further, she expressed that the Government in G.O. Ms. No.1039, Revenue (R) Department, dated 13.09.1972, clarified that in the case of vacant lands in the ‘Abadi’ no private occupancy should be recognized, except where the occupant is able to prove a valid grant from the Government. Even, in cases where the ‘Abadi’ or village is vested in the local bodies under the related enactments, such vesting is only for the purpose of communal use and the local bodies are not competent to dispose such land in any manner and the village / town site cannot be appropriated without the previous permission of the Government.
4. Taking into consideration of the views expressed in the meeting, and as per the recommendations of the Special Chief Secretary and CCLA, Government hereby issue the following guidelines for issue of ‘NoCs’ for the lands which are classified as ‘Gramakantham’ and categorized as ‘Government Poramboke’ in Revenue Records.
A detailed field survey of each and every Gramakantham Poramboke needs to be taken up under provisions of Survey and Boundaries Act, 1923;
All the structures and sites that are being used by the community needs to be sub-divided and needs to be assigned with separate sub-division / survey numbers;
Before finalizing the status of lands that are being used by the community such as roads, religious places public offices, public gathering places, public buildings etc. a notice shall be published under the provisions of Survey and Boundaries Act, 1923 and needs to be finalized as per the statutory provisions of Survey and Boundaries Act, 1923.
All the sub-divisions that comes under communal places shall be recorded in POB and intimated to the Registration Department u/s 22(A) of the A.P. Registration Act, 2007;
The remaining lands which belongs to the individuals and institutions also needs to be verified by the Revenue Authorities before clearing for ‘NOC’ or Registration, as there is no case-wise sub-division in the FMB and up-dation of enjoyment details in any Revenue Records with respect of such lands;
The property owned by a private individual or a family in village site especially cattle sheds / other agrarian and domestic purpose by way of dwelling houses in rural areas can be considered to be treated a private property and the persons under whose possession the lands are occupied be allowed to sell away their lands and No Objection Certificate on their request can also be issued, since those lands are inherited from their ancestors;
But, it is desirable to allow up to 0.20 cents instead of Ac.0.35 cents in the village sites of rural areas to avoid land grabbers, since the Government already permits pretty encroachments upto Ac.0.20 cents as per Section 8 of BSO-26 i.e. un-authorized occupation of Government land;
However, in urban areas occupations in village site / Gramakantham can be limited up to Ac.0.10 cents to avoid land grabbing by others;
A detailed survey on village site poramboke by survey Department to ascertain age old occupations by way of thatched house, pucca and tiledhouses and to maintain a separate register by the concerned Village Revenue Officer who is primarily responsible to protect the village sites / Gramakantha shall be prepared and thereafter, take necessary action on these guidelines;
Some of the big farmers usually have threshing floors besides having cattle sheds and residential houses, in those case No Objection Certificates are desirable to be issue for the purpose of selling residential houses only so that house sites upto Ac.0.02 cents can be issued to the eligible poor people who does not have houses;
Issue of Possession Certificates can be considered with non-alienable condition imposed, otherwise the same can be become hindrance to large scale infrastructural projects;
Case-by-case processing is the appropriate procedure, instead of conducting large scale survey etc to identify the extent of site occupied for the dwelling units & community purposes;
Certain clear cut instructions need to be issued to adopt by the District Administration for issuance of NOCs to the applicants;
VROs and Panchayat Secretaries may be made accountable for the proposals sent by them after due verification;
If there is no objection to the interest of public in large, then NOC can be granted;
Receipts of Local body taxes viz., municipalities / gram Panchayats etc can be considered while recommending for issue of ‘NOC’.
5. The Special Chief Secretary and CCCLA,AP Hyderabad shall take further necessary action in the matter.
(BY ORDER AND IN THE NAME OF THE GOVERNOR OF ANDHRA PRADESH)
B.R.MEENA
PRINCIPAL SECRETARY TO GOVERNMENT
To
The Special Chief Secretary and CCLA, AP Hyderabad.
The Commissioner, SS&LR, Hyd.
The IG – Regn. & Stamps, AP Hyd.
The Commissioner, Panchayat Raj, AP Hyd.
All District Collectors.
Copy to:
All Assignment Sections in Rev. Dept.
SF / SC
Tribal Welfare Department - Works programmes for the benefit of Scheduled Tribes – Allotment of works in Tribal Sub-Plan Areas and other Areas to the Local Village Development Committees (VDCs)/Mahile Sanghames/Societies/Ayacutdars / Beneficiaries – contain concessions – Sanctioned. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SOCIAL WELFARE (V2) DEPARTMENT
G.O.MS .NO 30.
Dated 17th February, 1994.
Read the following :-
G.O Ms.No.25, Social welfare (V) Dept., dt 13-2-1986
G.OMS.NO 355, general administration (Ser.A) Dept., dt 11-5-1990
G.O.Ms.No.176, Irrigation & Command Area Development Dept., dt 3-6-1992
From the Commissioner of Tribal Welfare , Hyderabad Lr.No. DTW/L2/17621/92, dated 5-12-1992.
From the Commissioner of Tribal Welfare, Hyderabad. Lr.No.DTW/L2/17621/92, dated 29-3-1993
***
ORDER:
In the interest of speedy and quality execution of work and also to ensure the accrual of benefits to the local tribals themselves and to inculcate a sense of belonging through participatory approach, government have decided to entrust the execution of all Civil works benefiting the tribes in tribes in tribal area and other areas to village Development Committees/Mahila Sanghams / (Grama Abhivrudhi Sangam)/Societies comprising of the local tribals etc. on nomination basis irrespective of financial limit’s and depending on local initiative and discretion of the project officer, integrated Tribal Development Agency/District Collector concerned.
2. Considering that various civil works in the tribal areas are implemented by various Departments, Government have also decided that it is necessary to delegate certain powers to District Collectors/Project officers, Integrated Tribal Development Agencies in regard to according administrative/technical sanctions to the works relating to minor irrigation, Panchayat Raj and Tribal Welfare Departments executed Tribal areas.
3. The following delegation of powers is, therefore, ordered with immediate effect in as for as works in tribal areas are concerned.
Administrative Sanction:
Project officer, Integrated tribal Development Agency shall be competent to accord administrative sanction of all the works up to a limit of Rs 3.00 lakhs in the area of his jurisdiction;
District Collector concerned shall be competent to accord administrative sanction for all the works exceeding Rs. 3.00 lakhs in tribal area:
District Collector small be competent to accord sanction for all the works in the areas other than the Tribal Sub-Plan areas:
Technical Sanctions:
Executive Engineer concerned shall be competent to accord technical sanction to works up to Rs 5.00 lakh:
Superintending Engineer concerned shall be competent to accord sanction for all the works not exceeding Rs 25.00 lakhs:
The Chief Engineer shall be competent to accord technical sanction for the works above Rs 25.00 lakhs.
Delegation of powers for purchase of materials:
Integrated Tribal Development Agency:
The purchase/procurement of materials for the implementation of the works shall be made through a committee consisting of District Collector, Project officer, Integrated Tribal Development Agency and the Executive Engineers of the concerned departments except for those materials, purchases of which are centralised .
In the case of Lift Irrigation Schemes, the representatives of ayacutdars will also be involved in the purchase committees by co-option. The project officer, Integrated Tribal Development Agency concerned will be the Convener.
In non-Integrated tribal Development Agency areas the District Collector, shall nominate any other suitable officer as a convener.
3. Government have also decided that entrustment of works benefiting is the tribal in the tribal and other areas shall be essentially by nomination and the following powers for nomination are delegated:
The project officer, Integrated Tribal Development Agency/District Collector concerned shall take due decisions to interest to entrust the works depending on the initiative and interest to the local village Development Committees mahila Sanghams/ Societies Ayocutdars /beneficiaries, etc.
Priority in sanction of works is to be considered in favor of local tribals wherever they are willing to take up the work on their own.
The local Village Development Committees/Mahlla Sanghams /Societies Ayocutdars / beneficiaries, etc. of concerned scheduled Tribes shall be entrusted with the works irrespective of financial limits providing all the technical assistance and guidance necessary:
Exemption from collecting earnest money Deposit for the works taken up by them is made:
No solvency certificate need be insisted upon from them for the purpose of Registration.
4. The procedure as prescribed in the Annexure to this order shall be followed for execution of works. However, the Commissioner of Tribal Welfare/Director of Tribal Welfare, Hyderabad is authorized to issue such additional guidelines within the frame work of the Government orders as may be necessary from time to time to ensure smooth implementation of the Programme /works.
5. These orders are issued pending amendments/ relaxations to the Codes relevant to Minor Irrigation/Panchayat Raj works, However, this order will not apply to the works of Roads & Building and Major Irrigation Wing.
6. Withdrawal of sanction order of funds from the Joint Account etc., shall be vested with the project officers, Integrated Tribal Development Agencies in Integrated Tribal Development Agency Districts and the District Collectors in Non-Integrated Tribal Development Agency districts in case of any dispute or deviation of procedure after taking up of the work.
7. This order issues with the concurrence of Finance & Planning (Fin. Wing) Department vide their U.O.No 1645/44/Expr.PWD/94-1, dated: 2-2-1994.
(BY ORDER AND IN THE NAME OF THE GOVERNOR OF ANDHRA PRADESH)
T. MUNI VENKATAPPA
PRL. SECRETARY TO GOVERNMENT
To,
The Commissioner of Tribal Welfare, A.P., Hyderabad
The Chief Engineer (Tribal Welfare), Hyderabad.
All Project officers of Integrated Tribal Development Agencies.
All District Collectors.
Copy to :
Panchayat Raj & Rural Development Department.
Irrigation & Command Area Development Department.
Transport, Roads & Buildings Department.
Finance & Planning (Fin. Wing) Department.
All Superintending Engineers and Executive Engineers of Tribal Welfare though Chief Engineer (Tribal Welfare), Hyderabad
Managing Director, A.P Sch. Castes Coop. Finance Corpn.Ltd., Hyderabad.
Managing Director, A.P Sch. Tribes Coop. Finance Corpn.Ltd., Hyderabad
P.S to Prl Secretary to Government, Social Welfare Department.
P.S to Secretary to Government, Tribal Welfare
P.A to joint Secretary to Government S.W (Tribal Welfare ) Dept.
Social Welfare ‘SCP,II ’’E’ ‘D’ and ‘T’ Sections.
S.F./S.C
//Forwarded :: By order//
Sd/- SECTION OFFICER
A N N E X U R E
PROCEDURE FOR EXECUTION OF COMMUNITY ASSETS, LOCAL VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEES /MAHILA SANGHAMS ETC
BY PARTICIPATOR/MANAGEMENT
ORGANISATION OF VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEES: Basing on the experience so far in involving the village community in planning execution, maintenance and management of works like buildings, minor irrigation schemes etc., the Assistant Engineer concerned with the assistance of staff / Non-Government organisations identified by the project officers /Sub-collector etc., will motivate the villagers by organizing visits to such Villages /works. The Villagers / Ayacutdars / Mahila Mandali of that village, as case may be, will be organized into a village Development Committee (V.D.C) The village Development Committee will select and amongs them as their representative to be the joint account holder.
The Assistance Engineer shall conduct a training class in the Village for men and women to give exposure on various technical on various technical details of the proposed work. The Assistant Engineer will furnish a copy of the cross-sectional diagram and suitably explain the scheme (If minor irrigation scheme) to the community/Village development Committee. The Assistant Engineer and work inspector shall take responsibility to give necessary training and guidance in all items of work, Viz., earth work excavation, collection of metal of specified sizes, construction of masonry/ walls curing etc, this shall also pick up two on throe tribes and attach them to the skilled masons, rod benders, carpentry etc., for training the Village Development Committees, may be supplied with required tools at the beginning of the training.
The Village development Committee shall be consulted in the identification of site and nature of Minor Irrigation Schemes.
A separate note book shall be maintained by Village Development Committee, Mahila Sangham etc., for all the details of work viz., items like sand, iron, metal, cement, their unit rates and quantities etc. This shall be written in the local language by the literate member, as nominated by the Community.
Normally, it is found that the tribes working on podu not have suitable implements for carrying out the construction works. The Assistant Engineer shall assess in consultation with the local tribals and provide needed implements like spade gamala, crowbar, hammer etc., through the woman’s group,/Village Development Committee form tools and plants provision.
The Executive Engineer/Assistant Engineer shall be responsible to supply estimated quantity of cement/ steel for the work at site preferably in bulk or from time to time as decided by the project officer/District Collector the entries of which will be made by the nominee or Village Development Committee in the note book of Village Development Committee /Mahila Sangham etc., from time to time with a view to keep the entire transactions in the knowledge of Mahila Sang ham Members/Village Development committee Members.
As far as possible , work inspector shall be positioned close to work sites preferably at the rate of one person for cluster of villages (Contiguous)with a view to ensuring frequent visits and rendering guidance to tribals in all respects of the execution of works programme.
The Assistant Engineer shall cause open a special savings Bank Account with nearby branch of Commercial / Cooperative / Rural Banks in the name of village, Development Committee etc., and funds pertaining to the Labour component or any other material like sand etc., may be deposited in instalments. The Special Savings Bank Account money may be treated as imprest amount.
The Bank Account shall be operated under tie joint signatory of the/ Assistant Engineer and the representative of Village Development Committee /Mahila Sangham etc, It shall be ensured that the tribes receive payments one day before the shandy day facilitating them to buy their provisions/ requirements in the weekly shandy and actively participate in spendy execution of work.
The Assistant Engineer shall also record the value of work done atleast on weekly basis and arrange payments.
The deputy Executive Engineer shall inspect the sand quarries and ensure quality of sand for use at site. Work Inspectors shall certify the quality of work in their visits from time to time. The Deputy Executive Engineer shall also inspect the works thoroughly to ensure the quality of work executed.
During the course on execution, the Assistant Engineer shall appreciate the modification suggested of the tribal for any changes proposed for utmost utility of the structures, He is, therefore requested to incorporate such modifications with the prior approval of District Collector/ project Officer, Integrated Tribal Development Agency.
Executive Engineer shall ensure that the works are completed within the time schedule and the assists created are durable.
The Engineering Division shall adopt special rates of wages in the S.S.R. provided for construction works in the hilly and interior tracts wherever applicable.
During the course of construction, the members of the Village Development Committee women group etc., may be constantly motivated to save part of their wages towards thrift fund from their own wage component.
Steel and cement required for the work shall be supplied Departmentally only. There should be close monitoring and also quality control check/ verification of works executed by Executive Engineer /officers nominated by District Collector/Project Officer , Integrated Tribal Development Agency.
After Completion of work, N.M.R vouchers, bills, paid vouchers and all the connected records including M. books shall be hands over to Executive Engineers Officer at integrated tribal Development Agency Headquarters and for Non-Integrated Tribal Development Agency districts to Executive Engineer Concerned.
The Work Inspector at site, shall write his diary and it shall be checked by the Deputy Executive Engineer from time to time.
All necessary steps to ensure that quality of works are maintained shall be taken by the engineering/Technical Staff/ District Collector/ Project Officer, Integrated Tribal Development Agency. Apart from imparting necessary training to the members, the and for taking up curing, proper consolidation of tank bund and such other measures would also be exclaimed to them to enable them to appreciate the need for same.
On completion of the work, the Committee (in case of Minor Irrigation schemes) will be given training on day to day maintenance of the scheme such that their dependence, on the Government for such maintenance is minimized to the extent possible, Such other Steps shall be taken to ensure that the funds are spent properly to yield best possible results for which intensive monitoring, frequent visits by all supervisory officers including Project Officers of Integrated Tribal Welfare, officer etc., shall be undertaken.
After completion of work understood, Project Officer, integrated Tribal Development Agency /Collector may allocate 50% of the unspent balances, if any, to the Committee/ Sangham which executed the work to be matched with contribution by beneficiaries, 50% of such savings will be deposited in the joint account to be used towards maintenance or repairs of the structure/ assets so created and the balance 50% of unutilized funds may be spent for other such other communiy requirements, etc., as the Village Development Committee or sangham etc., may decide.
In case any demand is made by Village Development Committee etc., for revision of estimates etc., Collector/Project Officer Integrated Tribal Development Agency may utilize the services of Government recognized Engineering Agency or University Engineering wings for preparation of Revised Estimates/check measurement etc.
The interest , if any, accrued on those grants deposited by Integrated Tribal Development Agency/District Collector in the Bank should be remitted back to the Project Officer, Integrated Tribal Development Agency/District Collector, what in turn can allocate as para 21.
The type design estimate sanction proceeding etc., approved has to be provided to the Village Development Committee/Mahila Sang ham etc., concerned.
Supply of quality material and ensuring quality is the responsibility of the Engineering/technical department entirely.
The members of the Village Development Committee/Mahila Sangham/ Ayacutdars Committee .etc., are to be involved in the purchase of material component in case of lift Irrigation Schemes.
Since the procedure envisages constant technical guidance and skilled training where necessary etc., the Engineering staff to be entrusted with such works should be selectively identified/posted and duly motivated.
The ensure proper implementation of the programmes, the District Collector/ Project Officer, Integrated Tribal Development Agency may involve the Revenue Divisional Officer/ Sub-Collector or any other officer for monitoring /review etc., as may be demand necessary at the various stages of the implementation.
